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monocyte differentiation antigen cd14 (cd14  (Genechem)

 
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    Structured Review

    Genechem monocyte differentiation antigen cd14 (cd14
    (A) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2 or 100 ng TLR2/50 ng <t>CD14</t> expression plasmids, and 100 ng NF-κB-dependent luciferase reporter plasmid as well as 10 ng renilla plasmid. Post transfection for 24 h, these transfected cells were exposed to mock treatment, Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL or 10 μg/mL for 6 h, and fold increase in luciferase activity was measured for NF-κB activation using dual luciferase kits. The relative luciferase activity was calculated from the ratio of NF-κB-Luc (firefly) activity to renilla activity. (B) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2, and 24 h post-transfected cells were untreated or exposed to Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL or 10μg/mL. After treatment for 6 h, IL-6 expression was assayed by quantitative RT-PCR and normalized to GAPDH. (C) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2, and 24 h post-transfected cells were untreated or exposed to Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL. The cell supernatant was collected and the amounts of IL-6 were determined by ELISA at 6 h post-treatment. Values are the means ± SD from at least three independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, or *** p < 0.001.
    Monocyte Differentiation Antigen Cd14 (Cd14, supplied by Genechem, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/monocyte differentiation antigen cd14 (cd14/product/Genechem
    Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    monocyte differentiation antigen cd14 (cd14 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-02
    90/100 stars

    Images

    1) Product Images from "MFHAS1 Is Associated with Sepsis and Stimulates TLR2/NF-κB Signaling Pathway Following Negative Regulation"

    Article Title: MFHAS1 Is Associated with Sepsis and Stimulates TLR2/NF-κB Signaling Pathway Following Negative Regulation

    Journal: PLoS ONE

    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143662

    (A) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2 or 100 ng TLR2/50 ng CD14 expression plasmids, and 100 ng NF-κB-dependent luciferase reporter plasmid as well as 10 ng renilla plasmid. Post transfection for 24 h, these transfected cells were exposed to mock treatment, Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL or 10 μg/mL for 6 h, and fold increase in luciferase activity was measured for NF-κB activation using dual luciferase kits. The relative luciferase activity was calculated from the ratio of NF-κB-Luc (firefly) activity to renilla activity. (B) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2, and 24 h post-transfected cells were untreated or exposed to Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL or 10μg/mL. After treatment for 6 h, IL-6 expression was assayed by quantitative RT-PCR and normalized to GAPDH. (C) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2, and 24 h post-transfected cells were untreated or exposed to Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL. The cell supernatant was collected and the amounts of IL-6 were determined by ELISA at 6 h post-treatment. Values are the means ± SD from at least three independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, or *** p < 0.001.
    Figure Legend Snippet: (A) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2 or 100 ng TLR2/50 ng CD14 expression plasmids, and 100 ng NF-κB-dependent luciferase reporter plasmid as well as 10 ng renilla plasmid. Post transfection for 24 h, these transfected cells were exposed to mock treatment, Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL or 10 μg/mL for 6 h, and fold increase in luciferase activity was measured for NF-κB activation using dual luciferase kits. The relative luciferase activity was calculated from the ratio of NF-κB-Luc (firefly) activity to renilla activity. (B) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2, and 24 h post-transfected cells were untreated or exposed to Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL or 10μg/mL. After treatment for 6 h, IL-6 expression was assayed by quantitative RT-PCR and normalized to GAPDH. (C) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2, and 24 h post-transfected cells were untreated or exposed to Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL. The cell supernatant was collected and the amounts of IL-6 were determined by ELISA at 6 h post-treatment. Values are the means ± SD from at least three independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, or *** p < 0.001.

    Techniques Used: Transfection, Expressing, Luciferase, Plasmid Preparation, Activity Assay, Activation Assay, Quantitative RT-PCR, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

    (A, B) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2 or 100 ng TLR2/50 ng CD14 expression plasmids, an100 ng NF-κB luciferase reporter plasmid (A) or 20 ng AP-1 luciferase reporter plasmid (B) and 10 ng renilla plasmid. 24 h post-transfected cells were exposed to mock treatment, Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL or 10μg/mL. At 24 h posttreatment, fold increase in luciferase activity was measured for NF-κB or AP-1 activation using dual luciferase kits. The relative luciferase activity was calculated from the ratio of NF-κB/AP-1 (firefly) activity to renilla activity. (C, D) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2 or 100 ng TLR2/50 ng CD14 expression plasmids, and 24 h post-transfected cells were untreated or exposed to Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL. After 24 h and 36 h posttreatment, induction of IL-6 expression was assayed by quantitative RT-PCR and normalized to β-actin (C). Cell supernatant was collected and the amounts of IL-6 were determined by ELISA (D). Values are the means ± SD from at least three independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, or *** p < 0.001.
    Figure Legend Snippet: (A, B) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2 or 100 ng TLR2/50 ng CD14 expression plasmids, an100 ng NF-κB luciferase reporter plasmid (A) or 20 ng AP-1 luciferase reporter plasmid (B) and 10 ng renilla plasmid. 24 h post-transfected cells were exposed to mock treatment, Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL or 10μg/mL. At 24 h posttreatment, fold increase in luciferase activity was measured for NF-κB or AP-1 activation using dual luciferase kits. The relative luciferase activity was calculated from the ratio of NF-κB/AP-1 (firefly) activity to renilla activity. (C, D) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2 or 100 ng TLR2/50 ng CD14 expression plasmids, and 24 h post-transfected cells were untreated or exposed to Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL. After 24 h and 36 h posttreatment, induction of IL-6 expression was assayed by quantitative RT-PCR and normalized to β-actin (C). Cell supernatant was collected and the amounts of IL-6 were determined by ELISA (D). Values are the means ± SD from at least three independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, or *** p < 0.001.

    Techniques Used: Transfection, Expressing, Luciferase, Plasmid Preparation, Activity Assay, Activation Assay, Quantitative RT-PCR, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

    (A) HEK293 and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2 or 100 ng TLR2/50 ng CD14 expression plasmids, the pFR luciferase reporter gene along with plasmid expressing IRF7-Gal4 3 ng. Then these 24 h post-transfected cells were treated with mock, 100 ng/mL or 10μg/mL Pam3CSK4 for 24 h, and luciferase reporter gene activity was measured. (B) HEK293 and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2 expression plasmids, and 24 h post-transfected cells were untreated or treated with 100 ng/mL Pam3CSK4 for 24 h. IFN-β mRNA expression was assayed by quantitative RT-PCR. (C) The relative IFN-β mRNA level was normalized to GAPDH. Values are the means ± SD from at least three independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, or *** p < 0.001.
    Figure Legend Snippet: (A) HEK293 and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2 or 100 ng TLR2/50 ng CD14 expression plasmids, the pFR luciferase reporter gene along with plasmid expressing IRF7-Gal4 3 ng. Then these 24 h post-transfected cells were treated with mock, 100 ng/mL or 10μg/mL Pam3CSK4 for 24 h, and luciferase reporter gene activity was measured. (B) HEK293 and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2 expression plasmids, and 24 h post-transfected cells were untreated or treated with 100 ng/mL Pam3CSK4 for 24 h. IFN-β mRNA expression was assayed by quantitative RT-PCR. (C) The relative IFN-β mRNA level was normalized to GAPDH. Values are the means ± SD from at least three independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, or *** p < 0.001.

    Techniques Used: Transfection, Expressing, Luciferase, Plasmid Preparation, Activity Assay, Quantitative RT-PCR



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    Genechem monocyte differentiation antigen cd14 (cd14
    (A) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2 or 100 ng TLR2/50 ng <t>CD14</t> expression plasmids, and 100 ng NF-κB-dependent luciferase reporter plasmid as well as 10 ng renilla plasmid. Post transfection for 24 h, these transfected cells were exposed to mock treatment, Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL or 10 μg/mL for 6 h, and fold increase in luciferase activity was measured for NF-κB activation using dual luciferase kits. The relative luciferase activity was calculated from the ratio of NF-κB-Luc (firefly) activity to renilla activity. (B) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2, and 24 h post-transfected cells were untreated or exposed to Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL or 10μg/mL. After treatment for 6 h, IL-6 expression was assayed by quantitative RT-PCR and normalized to GAPDH. (C) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2, and 24 h post-transfected cells were untreated or exposed to Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL. The cell supernatant was collected and the amounts of IL-6 were determined by ELISA at 6 h post-treatment. Values are the means ± SD from at least three independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, or *** p < 0.001.
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    Image Search Results


    Significantly up‐regulated proteins in high‐quality and low‐quality bovine colostrums.

    Journal: Veterinary Medicine and Science

    Article Title: Evaluation of the differences in proteomics of high‐quality bovine colostrum and low‐quality bovine colostrum

    doi: 10.1002/vms3.1274

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Significantly up‐regulated proteins in high‐quality and low‐quality bovine colostrums.

    Article Snippet: Again, it has been reported that Monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 (CD14) is among the acute phase proteins by playing a role in cytokine secretion and inflammatory process (Boehmer, ; Filipp et al., ; Nissen et al., ).

    Techniques: Glycoproteomics

    Bovine colostrum proteomes with significantly up‐regulated abundance or down‐regulated abundance in high‐quality colostrum (HqC) compared with low‐quality colostrum (LqC).

    Journal: Veterinary Medicine and Science

    Article Title: Evaluation of the differences in proteomics of high‐quality bovine colostrum and low‐quality bovine colostrum

    doi: 10.1002/vms3.1274

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Bovine colostrum proteomes with significantly up‐regulated abundance or down‐regulated abundance in high‐quality colostrum (HqC) compared with low‐quality colostrum (LqC).

    Article Snippet: Again, it has been reported that Monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 (CD14) is among the acute phase proteins by playing a role in cytokine secretion and inflammatory process (Boehmer, ; Filipp et al., ; Nissen et al., ).

    Techniques: Glycoproteomics

    Proteins changed in abundance in cerebrospinal fluid of MPS 1 dogs compared with healthy control dogs.

    Journal: Frontiers in Neurology

    Article Title: Surrogate Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for Assessing the Efficacy of Gene Therapy in Hurler Syndrome

    doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.640547

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Proteins changed in abundance in cerebrospinal fluid of MPS 1 dogs compared with healthy control dogs.

    Article Snippet: The primary antibodies were rabbit antihuman neuronal pentraxin 1 (NP1, Sigma, Taufkirchen/Germany), rabbit antihuman insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2, Thermo Scientific), rabbit antihuman chitinase-3-like 1 (Ch3L1, Biorbyt, Cambridge/UK), and mouse antihuman monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 (clone TÜK4, BioRad, Feldkirchen/Germany).

    Techniques: Control

    Evaluation of each biomarker's predictive value for disease correction by quantitative immunoblotting. Equal concentrations of individual CSF samples ( n = 3) of healthy control dogs, untreated MPS I dogs, and early- and late-treated MPS I dogs were analyzed by Western blotting. Using ImageJ software, each band was scored semiquantitatively from 1 to 3 (1 = the value of the control). (A) Western blot images from each CSF sample for NP1, Ch3L1, CD14, and IGFBP2 proteins. (B) A color code indicates scores for each protein. An overall score (the average of the four protein scores) is shown in the bottom row. NP1, neuronal pentraxin 1; Ch3L1, chitinase 3-like 1; IGFBP2, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2; CD14, monocyte differentiation antigen CD14; Ctrl, healthy control; Et-MPS I, early-treated MPS I dogs; Lt-MPS I, late-treated MPS I dogs.

    Journal: Frontiers in Neurology

    Article Title: Surrogate Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for Assessing the Efficacy of Gene Therapy in Hurler Syndrome

    doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.640547

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Evaluation of each biomarker's predictive value for disease correction by quantitative immunoblotting. Equal concentrations of individual CSF samples ( n = 3) of healthy control dogs, untreated MPS I dogs, and early- and late-treated MPS I dogs were analyzed by Western blotting. Using ImageJ software, each band was scored semiquantitatively from 1 to 3 (1 = the value of the control). (A) Western blot images from each CSF sample for NP1, Ch3L1, CD14, and IGFBP2 proteins. (B) A color code indicates scores for each protein. An overall score (the average of the four protein scores) is shown in the bottom row. NP1, neuronal pentraxin 1; Ch3L1, chitinase 3-like 1; IGFBP2, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2; CD14, monocyte differentiation antigen CD14; Ctrl, healthy control; Et-MPS I, early-treated MPS I dogs; Lt-MPS I, late-treated MPS I dogs.

    Article Snippet: The primary antibodies were rabbit antihuman neuronal pentraxin 1 (NP1, Sigma, Taufkirchen/Germany), rabbit antihuman insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2, Thermo Scientific), rabbit antihuman chitinase-3-like 1 (Ch3L1, Biorbyt, Cambridge/UK), and mouse antihuman monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 (clone TÜK4, BioRad, Feldkirchen/Germany).

    Techniques: Biomarker Discovery, Western Blot, Control, Software, Binding Assay

    (A) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2 or 100 ng TLR2/50 ng CD14 expression plasmids, and 100 ng NF-κB-dependent luciferase reporter plasmid as well as 10 ng renilla plasmid. Post transfection for 24 h, these transfected cells were exposed to mock treatment, Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL or 10 μg/mL for 6 h, and fold increase in luciferase activity was measured for NF-κB activation using dual luciferase kits. The relative luciferase activity was calculated from the ratio of NF-κB-Luc (firefly) activity to renilla activity. (B) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2, and 24 h post-transfected cells were untreated or exposed to Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL or 10μg/mL. After treatment for 6 h, IL-6 expression was assayed by quantitative RT-PCR and normalized to GAPDH. (C) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2, and 24 h post-transfected cells were untreated or exposed to Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL. The cell supernatant was collected and the amounts of IL-6 were determined by ELISA at 6 h post-treatment. Values are the means ± SD from at least three independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, or *** p < 0.001.

    Journal: PLoS ONE

    Article Title: MFHAS1 Is Associated with Sepsis and Stimulates TLR2/NF-κB Signaling Pathway Following Negative Regulation

    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143662

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2 or 100 ng TLR2/50 ng CD14 expression plasmids, and 100 ng NF-κB-dependent luciferase reporter plasmid as well as 10 ng renilla plasmid. Post transfection for 24 h, these transfected cells were exposed to mock treatment, Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL or 10 μg/mL for 6 h, and fold increase in luciferase activity was measured for NF-κB activation using dual luciferase kits. The relative luciferase activity was calculated from the ratio of NF-κB-Luc (firefly) activity to renilla activity. (B) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2, and 24 h post-transfected cells were untreated or exposed to Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL or 10μg/mL. After treatment for 6 h, IL-6 expression was assayed by quantitative RT-PCR and normalized to GAPDH. (C) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2, and 24 h post-transfected cells were untreated or exposed to Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL. The cell supernatant was collected and the amounts of IL-6 were determined by ELISA at 6 h post-treatment. Values are the means ± SD from at least three independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, or *** p < 0.001.

    Article Snippet: pGL4.32[ luc2P /NF-κB–RE/Hygro] and renilla vector reporter plasmid were purchased from Promega® (Madison, USA), REPO TM AP-1 vector reporter plasmid and IRF7-Gal4 fusion vectors were purchased from GenomeDitech® (Shanghai, China), expression vectors for human TLR2 and monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 (CD14) were purchased from Genechem® (Shanghai, China).

    Techniques: Transfection, Expressing, Luciferase, Plasmid Preparation, Activity Assay, Activation Assay, Quantitative RT-PCR, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

    (A, B) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2 or 100 ng TLR2/50 ng CD14 expression plasmids, an100 ng NF-κB luciferase reporter plasmid (A) or 20 ng AP-1 luciferase reporter plasmid (B) and 10 ng renilla plasmid. 24 h post-transfected cells were exposed to mock treatment, Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL or 10μg/mL. At 24 h posttreatment, fold increase in luciferase activity was measured for NF-κB or AP-1 activation using dual luciferase kits. The relative luciferase activity was calculated from the ratio of NF-κB/AP-1 (firefly) activity to renilla activity. (C, D) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2 or 100 ng TLR2/50 ng CD14 expression plasmids, and 24 h post-transfected cells were untreated or exposed to Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL. After 24 h and 36 h posttreatment, induction of IL-6 expression was assayed by quantitative RT-PCR and normalized to β-actin (C). Cell supernatant was collected and the amounts of IL-6 were determined by ELISA (D). Values are the means ± SD from at least three independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, or *** p < 0.001.

    Journal: PLoS ONE

    Article Title: MFHAS1 Is Associated with Sepsis and Stimulates TLR2/NF-κB Signaling Pathway Following Negative Regulation

    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143662

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (A, B) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2 or 100 ng TLR2/50 ng CD14 expression plasmids, an100 ng NF-κB luciferase reporter plasmid (A) or 20 ng AP-1 luciferase reporter plasmid (B) and 10 ng renilla plasmid. 24 h post-transfected cells were exposed to mock treatment, Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL or 10μg/mL. At 24 h posttreatment, fold increase in luciferase activity was measured for NF-κB or AP-1 activation using dual luciferase kits. The relative luciferase activity was calculated from the ratio of NF-κB/AP-1 (firefly) activity to renilla activity. (C, D) HEK 293 cells and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2 or 100 ng TLR2/50 ng CD14 expression plasmids, and 24 h post-transfected cells were untreated or exposed to Pam3CSK4 100 ng/mL. After 24 h and 36 h posttreatment, induction of IL-6 expression was assayed by quantitative RT-PCR and normalized to β-actin (C). Cell supernatant was collected and the amounts of IL-6 were determined by ELISA (D). Values are the means ± SD from at least three independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, or *** p < 0.001.

    Article Snippet: pGL4.32[ luc2P /NF-κB–RE/Hygro] and renilla vector reporter plasmid were purchased from Promega® (Madison, USA), REPO TM AP-1 vector reporter plasmid and IRF7-Gal4 fusion vectors were purchased from GenomeDitech® (Shanghai, China), expression vectors for human TLR2 and monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 (CD14) were purchased from Genechem® (Shanghai, China).

    Techniques: Transfection, Expressing, Luciferase, Plasmid Preparation, Activity Assay, Activation Assay, Quantitative RT-PCR, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

    (A) HEK293 and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2 or 100 ng TLR2/50 ng CD14 expression plasmids, the pFR luciferase reporter gene along with plasmid expressing IRF7-Gal4 3 ng. Then these 24 h post-transfected cells were treated with mock, 100 ng/mL or 10μg/mL Pam3CSK4 for 24 h, and luciferase reporter gene activity was measured. (B) HEK293 and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2 expression plasmids, and 24 h post-transfected cells were untreated or treated with 100 ng/mL Pam3CSK4 for 24 h. IFN-β mRNA expression was assayed by quantitative RT-PCR. (C) The relative IFN-β mRNA level was normalized to GAPDH. Values are the means ± SD from at least three independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, or *** p < 0.001.

    Journal: PLoS ONE

    Article Title: MFHAS1 Is Associated with Sepsis and Stimulates TLR2/NF-κB Signaling Pathway Following Negative Regulation

    doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143662

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) HEK293 and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2 or 100 ng TLR2/50 ng CD14 expression plasmids, the pFR luciferase reporter gene along with plasmid expressing IRF7-Gal4 3 ng. Then these 24 h post-transfected cells were treated with mock, 100 ng/mL or 10μg/mL Pam3CSK4 for 24 h, and luciferase reporter gene activity was measured. (B) HEK293 and 293-MFHAS1 cells were transiently transfected with 100 ng TLR2 expression plasmids, and 24 h post-transfected cells were untreated or treated with 100 ng/mL Pam3CSK4 for 24 h. IFN-β mRNA expression was assayed by quantitative RT-PCR. (C) The relative IFN-β mRNA level was normalized to GAPDH. Values are the means ± SD from at least three independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, or *** p < 0.001.

    Article Snippet: pGL4.32[ luc2P /NF-κB–RE/Hygro] and renilla vector reporter plasmid were purchased from Promega® (Madison, USA), REPO TM AP-1 vector reporter plasmid and IRF7-Gal4 fusion vectors were purchased from GenomeDitech® (Shanghai, China), expression vectors for human TLR2 and monocyte differentiation antigen CD14 (CD14) were purchased from Genechem® (Shanghai, China).

    Techniques: Transfection, Expressing, Luciferase, Plasmid Preparation, Activity Assay, Quantitative RT-PCR